Seachem Pristine improves the water quality of freshwater and marine aquariums using bio-augmentation a chemical-free natural process that safely eliminates waste sludge excess food and detritus. It also reduces ammonia nitrates and nitrites while enhancing water clarity and overall health. Natural organic waste management treatment Rapidly and safely eliminates sludge and detritus Safe for freshwater and marine aquariums Bio-augmentation uses beneficial bacteria cultures to break down and remove potentially harmful compounds in your aquarium water. By removing excess nutrients it reduces the risk of nuisance and disease-causing organisms and helps keep the tank clear and safe. Unlike traditional nitrifying bacteria the bacteria used in Pristine can adapt multiply and remain effective even in harsh or low-oxygen environments. While the bacteria consume harmful compounds they create biopolymers that help trap particulates to increase water clarity. Directions: Shake well before use. Turn off UV/ozone. Use 1 capful (5 mL) for each 40 L (10 US gallons). Then use a maintenance dose of 1 capful (5 mL) per 80 L (20 US gallons) with additions of livestock or the disruption of the biofilter through cleaning or medications. Antibiotics should be removed with fresh carbon and a water change before adding bacteria. Allow 2 or 3 days for the bacteria to become established before using UV sterilizers or ozone. Recurring problems with high nutrients can indicate overstocking overfeeding or inadequate filtration.